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Survival in Synchronous Versus Metachronous Bladder and Prostate Cancer.

Berrin Yalçın1, Ebru Tuncay1, Serdar Arslan1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Health Practice and Research Center, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey.

Archivos Espanoles De Urologia
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Patients with synchronous prostate cancer (Pca) and bladder cancer (Bca) have lower survival rates. The risk of a third cancer, often lung cancer, is high in these patients, possibly linked to smoking.

Keywords:
bladdercancerco-occurrenceprostatesurvival

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urologic Oncology
  • Cancer Epidemiology

Background:

  • Investigating the co-occurrence of prostate cancer (Pca) and bladder cancer (Bca) is crucial for understanding patient outcomes.
  • Evaluating clinicopathological characteristics and survival differences between synchronous and metachronous Pca and Bca is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the co-occurrence of Pca and Bca.
  • To identify clinicopathological features and oncological outcomes based on synchronous or metachronous presentation.
  • To compare survival rates between patients with synchronous and metachronous Pca and Bca.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 72 patients diagnosed with synchronous or metachronous Pca and Bca between 2011 and 2022.
  • Patients categorized into three groups: synchronous (Group I), metachronous Bca after Pca (Group II), and metachronous Pca after Bca (Group III).

Main Results:

  • The metachronous group (54.17%) was more common than the synchronous group (45.83%).
  • Synchronous tumors showed higher rates of high-grade Bca (71.88%) and carcinoma in situ (CIS) (46.87%).
  • 5- and 10-year survival rates were lower in the synchronous group (10-year: 61%) compared to metachronous groups (10-year: 89% and 91%). Lung cancer was the most common metastatic site.

Conclusions:

  • Synchronous Pca and Bca are associated with poorer survival outcomes compared to metachronous diagnoses.
  • Patients with synchronous or metachronous Pca and Bca face a significant risk of developing a third cancer.
  • The high incidence of lung cancer as a third malignancy suggests a potential link to shared risk factors like smoking.