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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
Published on: June 9, 2023
3D potassium energetic metal-organic framework enables safer lead-free primary energetic materials with positive
Vikranth Thaltiri1, Richard J Staples2, Jean'ne M Shreeve1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844-2343, USA. jshreeve@uidaho.edu.
Abstract:
K2DNNNAT, a three-dimensional potassium-based energetic metal-organic framework with positive oxygen balance (+18.06%), transforms a highly sensitive trinitromethyl energetic system into a thermally stable lead-free primary energetic material through multidimensional framework engineering. The resulting framework exhibits excellent thermal stability (Td = 268 °C) and high heat of detonation (5362 kJ kg-1) together with impact and friction sensitivities of 4 J and 60 N, respectively. Hirshfeld surface analysis reveals extensive K⋯O/O⋯K and nitro-rich intermolecular interactions that reinforce the three-dimensional coordination framework and contribute to enhanced thermal stability while moderating mechanical sensitivity. These findings demonstrate that multidimensional framework engineering combined with oxygen-balance regulation provides a promising strategy toward safer lead-free primary energetic materials.
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