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Related Concept Videos

Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
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TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

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MAFA: A Master Regulator of β-Cell Maturation and Function.

Lizabeth Johnson1, Mallory A Maurer2, Jeeyeon Cha1,2,3

  • 1Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Cells
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family A (MAFA) transcription factor is crucial for pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin secretion. Dysregulation of MAFA is linked to diabetes, highlighting its therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
MAFAbeta celldiabetesinsulinpancreas

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Published on: November 5, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pancreatic beta-cells regulate glucose homeostasis through dynamic insulin secretion.
  • The musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family A (MAFA) is a key transcription factor for beta-cell identity and function.
  • MAFA's role is critical in coordinating gene expression for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of MAFA's impact on beta-cell maturation and function.
  • To explore MAFA's structural features, transcriptional regulation, and post-translational modifications.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies involving MAFA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on MAFA in mouse and human models.
  • Analysis of MAFA's structural and regulatory mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of research on MAFA's role in diabetes pathogenesis and therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • MAFA acts as a master regulator of beta-cell function, essential for insulin secretion.
  • Reduced MAFA expression is an early indicator in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.
  • Specific MAFA variants are associated with monogenic forms of diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • MAFA is vital for beta-cell maturation, identity, and function.
  • Understanding MAFA regulation and structure offers therapeutic avenues for diabetes.
  • Further research into MAFA holds promise for novel diabetes treatments.