Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ERO1a fosters glioblastoma aggressiveness and metabolic flexibility by regulating mitochondria-associated membrane dynamics.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

Open-channel block of human TRPV6 by polyamine spermine.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Unintended medication discrepancies across key stages of the in-hospital medication process: a retrospective real-world study in hospitalized patients.

BMC health services research·2026
Same author

Platelet Cyclophilin D Drives Cholesterol Crystal Embolism-Related Acute Kidney Injury and Kidney Infarction.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·2026
Same author

TRPML1 suppresses pulmonary fibrosis by limiting collagen and elastin deposition.

The EMBO journal·2026
Same author

Impact of C-Terminal PKC Phosphorylation on TRPC6 Current Kinetics.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Measurement of 3-Dimensional cAMP Distributions in Living Cells using 4-Dimensional (x, y, z, and λ) Hyperspectral FRET Imaging and Analysis
08:22

Measurement of 3-Dimensional cAMP Distributions in Living Cells using 4-Dimensional (x, y, z, and λ) Hyperspectral FRET Imaging and Analysis

Published on: October 27, 2020

Red-Shifted Epac-Based FRET cAMP Sensors for All-Optical cAMP Control and Multiparameter Imaging.

Tabea Kressmann1, Christian Hermann2, Aaron Treder1

  • 1Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.

Cells
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed new red-shifted cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) sensors, Epacred, compatible with optogenetics. Epacred4 offers robust real-time cAMP monitoring for advanced cellular signaling studies.

Keywords:
cAMPcalciumdynamic FREToptogenetic

More Related Videos

Using Three-color Single-molecule FRET to Study the Correlation of Protein Interactions
11:22

Using Three-color Single-molecule FRET to Study the Correlation of Protein Interactions

Published on: January 30, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Measurement of 3-Dimensional cAMP Distributions in Living Cells using 4-Dimensional (x, y, z, and λ) Hyperspectral FRET Imaging and Analysis
08:22

Measurement of 3-Dimensional cAMP Distributions in Living Cells using 4-Dimensional (x, y, z, and λ) Hyperspectral FRET Imaging and Analysis

Published on: October 27, 2020

Using Three-color Single-molecule FRET to Study the Correlation of Protein Interactions
11:22

Using Three-color Single-molecule FRET to Study the Correlation of Protein Interactions

Published on: January 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a crucial second messenger regulating cellular signaling pathways.
  • Existing cAMP biosensors (Epac-based FRET) use short-wavelength excitation, limiting compatibility with optogenetics and multiplex imaging.
  • Bacterial photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (bPACs) are blue-light optogenetic tools for cAMP manipulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer and characterize novel red-shifted Epac-based FRET biosensors for cAMP.
  • To overcome limitations of existing sensors regarding excitation wavelength and multiplexing capabilities.
  • To enable real-time cAMP monitoring compatible with optogenetic tools and multicolor imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering of red-shifted Epac-based single-chain FRET cAMP sensors (yellow/orange donors, red acceptors).
  • Systematic characterization of sensor variants using ratiometric live-cell imaging.
  • Quantification of FRET responses to pharmacological stimulation (forskolin, μ-opioid receptor activation) and optogenetic tools (bPAC-F198Y).

Main Results:

  • Four red-shifted Epac-based cAMP sensors were developed and characterized.
  • Epacred4 demonstrated the best performance, with a ~55% decrease in normalized FRET upon forskolin stimulation.
  • Epacred4 successfully detected cAMP changes mediated by Gi/o signaling and enabled multiplex imaging of cAMP and Ca2+.

Conclusions:

  • Epacred4 is a robust, red-shifted cAMP sensor suitable for optogenetic and multiplex signaling studies.
  • The new sensors expand the toolkit for real-time cAMP dynamics monitoring in living cells.
  • This advancement facilitates complex cellular signaling analysis under physiological conditions.