[Surgical treatment options for soft tissue sarcomas : Indications, diagnostics, techniques, and limitations]

Soft tissue sarcomas are rare, heterogeneous mesenchymal malignancies with variable prognosis. Management requires structured diagnostics and interdisciplinary treatment at specialized centers. Imaging with MRI or CT and a carefully planned biopsy are essential for diagnosis and surgical strategy. In curative settings, complete R0 resection is the primary goal, while metastatic disease requires an individualized approach. Low-grade sarcomas are often treated with marginal resection, whereas high-grade tumors require multimodal therapy including neoadjuvant treatment, wide resection, and adjuvant radiotherapy. Surgical margins depend mainly on anatomical barriers. Functional outcomes and reconstruction are key considerations. Limb preservation is usually achievable, while amputation is rarely necessary.