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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and rotating...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
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Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles

A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...

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Inspiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Practical Guide
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Published on: January 30, 2026

Respiratory Muscle Training and Intraocular Pressure: A Prospective Study in Individuals With Normal and High-Normal

Ata Baytaroğlu1, Şerife Nur Çiftçi2, Ali Yavuz Karahan3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Uşak Training and Research Hospital, Uşak, Türkiye.

Journal of Glaucoma
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Expiratory resistance training temporarily increases intraocular pressure (IOP) by about 3 mmHg. Individuals with high-normal IOP may reach concerning levels, impacting glaucoma risk counseling for breathing trainer users.

Keywords:
AiroFit PROglaucomaintraocular pressurerespiratory muscle trainingtonometryvalsalva maneuver

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Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
09:03

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Published on: June 20, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Inspiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Practical Guide
04:16

Inspiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Practical Guide

Published on: January 30, 2026

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
09:03

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Published on: June 20, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Breathing trainers are increasingly popular for respiratory health.
  • The acute effects of expiratory resistance on intraocular pressure (IOP) are not fully understood.
  • Understanding IOP changes during respiratory strain is crucial for eye health, especially for individuals with pre-existing ocular conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acute impact of graded expiratory resistance from the AiroFit PRO device on IOP.
  • To assess IOP changes in healthy individuals with normal and high-normal baseline IOP.
  • To evaluate the agreement between non-contact tonometry (NCT) and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) under respiratory strain.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 60 healthy participants (40 normal IOP, 20 high-normal IOP).
  • IOP measurements taken at baseline and during six resistance levels using NCT and GAT.
  • Statistical analysis included Friedman tests, correlation, and regression analyses.

Main Results:

  • A significant, progressive increase in IOP was observed with increasing resistance levels (P<0.001).
  • Mean IOP increased by 3.01 mmHg (18.2%) from baseline to maximum resistance.
  • Excellent agreement was found between NCT and GAT measurements (r=0.870-0.929).

Conclusions:

  • Expiratory resistance training with the AiroFit PRO causes a dose-dependent, temporary IOP elevation.
  • Individuals with high-normal IOP reached levels approaching clinically concerning thresholds.
  • Findings suggest implications for glaucoma risk counseling in users of respiratory training devices.