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Related Concept Videos

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
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Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

A Socioeconomic Vulnerability Index for Persons with Disabilities via Machine Learning Approach.

Emre Umucu1,2,3,4, Alfonso JRojas Alvarez5, Teresa Granger6,7

  • 1Public Health Sciences and Dean's Office, College of Health Sciences Dean's Office, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA. eumucu@utep.edu.

Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

People with disabilities face employment disparities. Socioeconomic vulnerability impacts vocational rehabilitation (VR) services, leading to more basic support but lower wages, highlighting the need for targeted VR planning.

Keywords:
EmploymentMachine learningOccupational health policySocial determinants of health social and economic vulnerabilityVocational rehabilitation

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

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Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
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Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Published on: June 20, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Disability Studies
  • Social Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Employment is a critical social determinant of health.
  • People with disabilities (PWDs) experience significant disparities in vocational rehabilitation (VR) services and employment outcomes.
  • Socioeconomic factors influence the allocation and effectiveness of VR services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how cumulative socioeconomic disadvantage affects VR service delivery and employment outcomes for PWDs.
  • To develop and apply a Socioeconomic Vulnerability Index to analyze these associations.
  • To inform the development of more equitable and targeted VR service planning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Rehabilitation Service Administration (RSA-9/11) data from 182,266 individuals.
  • Employed machine learning techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA), to create a Socioeconomic Vulnerability Index.
  • Examined the relationship between the index, VR service utilization, and employment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Higher socioeconomic vulnerability was associated with a greater likelihood of receiving basic support services but a lower likelihood of accessing career-oriented services.
  • Increased vulnerability scores correlated with higher VR expenditures (+$246).
  • Individuals with higher vulnerability experienced substantially lower hourly wages (-$3.13/hour).

Conclusions:

  • Socioeconomic vulnerability significantly shapes VR service access and employment success.
  • Current VR service allocation may inadvertently disadvantage highly vulnerable populations.
  • Implementing an intake-level vulnerability screening tool could enable risk stratification and promote more equitable VR service planning.