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Sex Differences in the Association Between Dietary Pattern and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Protocol for a Systematic
Marina Idalia Rojo-López1,2, Ainoa López-Cortés3, Maria Antentas1,4
1Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
JMIR Research Protocols
|July 13, 2026
Summary
This systematic review examines sex differences in dietary adherence for type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. Understanding these differences can help create personalized nutrition plans to improve glycemic control in men and women with T2D.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia.
- Sex differences are known to influence insulin resistance and glycemic control in T2D.
- Existing research lacks a clear understanding of sex-based variations in dietary adherence among T2D patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and evaluate sex differences in dietary pattern adherence among individuals with T2D.
- To assess the implications of these sex-based adherence differences on glycemic control.
- To identify potential sex-specific factors influencing dietary choices in T2D management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searches of MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases.
- Inclusion of studies reporting T2D, dietary pattern scores, and biological sex data.
- Narrative synthesis using the GRADE framework for results interpretation.
Main Results:
- The search strategy and refinement occurred between July 2025 and July 2026.
- Comprehensive database searches are scheduled for August 2026.
- Study selection, data extraction, and publication are anticipated by late 2027.
Conclusions:
- This review will offer a comprehensive analysis of sex-based dietary adherence in T2D.
- Findings may guide the development of tailored nutritional strategies for improved glycemic outcomes.
- Highlights the importance of sex-specific approaches in T2D management for long-term health.
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