Repressed Anxiety: A Concept Analysis

This concept analysis aims to clarify the uncertain and underexplored concept of repressed anxiety, addressing its complexities and ambiguities to better inform nursing practice, research, and the development of clinical interventions. The Walker and Avant method of concept analysis was applied to literature across psychology, nursing, and sociology. Articles were reviewed using search terms such as "repressed anxiety," "repression," "defense mechanism," and "emotional suppression." Antecedents, characteristics, and consequences of repressed anxiety were identified, and model and borderline cases were developed. Five defining characteristics of repressed anxiety were established: unawareness, physical symptoms, emotional dysregulation, impaired relationships, and avoidance behaviors. Antecedents included chronic stress, past trauma, adverse childhood development, personality traits, and cultural, societal, or familial norms. Consequences encompassed heightened stress responses, maladaptive coping, chronic physical conditions, and mental health problems such as depression or generalized anxiety. This analysis clarifies the concept of repressed anxiety, highlighting its hidden but significant impact on health and well-being. A conceptual model for repressed anxiety is then presented. Greater conceptual clarity can aid in the development of assessment tools and inform nursing interventions aimed at enhancing emotional awareness and regulation.