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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Videos

Interventions to Reduce Monitor Alarms Across Pediatric Inpatient Settings: A Systematic Review.

Kathleen J Berg1, Kori Hess1, Megan Gripka1

  • 1Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri.

Hospital Pediatrics
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Excessive physiologic monitor alarms in hospitals cause alarm fatigue. This review found most interventions successfully reduced alarm frequency, especially nonactionable alarms, improving patient safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Patient Safety
  • Clinical Alarm Management
  • Health Informatics

Background:

  • Physiologic monitor alarms in pediatric inpatient settings contribute to alarm fatigue, posing risks to patient safety.
  • Alarm fatigue is a significant concern in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), and medical/surgical units (MSUs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review interventions aimed at reducing alarms from pulse oximeters and cardiorespiratory monitors.
  • The review focused on studies conducted in NICUs, PICUs, and MSUs.

Main Methods:

  • Searched major databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL) and article citations from January 2010 to August 2025.
  • Included studies that implemented interventions to reduce alarms and reported alarm frequency, with independent screening and data extraction by two reviewers.
  • Appraised study quality and extracted data on setting, design, population, interventions, alarm type, frequency, and balancing measures.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-three studies were included (12 NICU, 2 PICU, 8 MSU, 1 combined PICU/MSU), comprising 16 quality improvement (QI) studies, 5 nonrandomized, and 2 RCTs.
  • Common interventions involved staff education, wider or customized alarm parameters, delayed alarm time delays, and standardized communication.
  • Most studies reported decreased alarm frequency, with all studies measuring nonactionable alarms showing reductions.

Conclusions:

  • While most interventions reduced alarm frequency, significant heterogeneity prevented direct comparison of individual intervention impacts.
  • Inconsistent reporting of balancing measures and a lack of standardized methodology for reviewing QI studies were noted limitations.
  • The findings can guide local efforts to decrease excess physiologic monitor alarms and mitigate alarm fatigue.