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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...

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Associations between computed tomography features and obstructive lung diseases: The NOVELTY-CT substudy.

Tomotaka Kawayama1, Yuri Yoshida2, Junpei Saito3

  • 1Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.

Allergology International : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Computed tomography (CT) findings helped classify obstructive lung diseases like asthma and COPD into four distinct clusters. This objective CT-based approach may enable more personalized treatment strategies for patients with these respiratory conditions.

Keywords:
AsthmaChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCluster analysisComputed tomographyEmphysema

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Obstructive lung diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), present overlapping symptoms and airflow limitations, complicating accurate diagnosis.
  • Differential diagnosis between asthma and COPD is challenging due to similar clinical presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clustering of clinical features in patients diagnosed with asthma and/or COPD using multiple computed tomography (CT) findings.
  • To explore objective CT-based criteria for stratifying patients with obstructive lung diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the NOVELTY study, specifically the NOVELTY-CT substudy, including Japanese patients with CT scans.
  • Applied hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward's method with Gower distance) on four CT features: emphysema, mucus plugs, bronchial wall thickness, and fibrosis.

Main Results:

  • Analyzed data from 184 patients, identifying four distinct clusters: pauci-specific findings (74 patients), predominant emphysema with bronchial features (9 patients), emphysema with mucus plugs (95 patients), and emphysema with fibrosis (6 patients).
  • Significant variations in baseline characteristics, including physician diagnosis, age, respiratory function, disease severity, and patient-reported outcomes, were observed across the identified clusters.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with obstructive lung diseases can be effectively classified into four distinct clusters based on objective CT findings.
  • This CT-driven classification may facilitate the development of more personalized and tailored management strategies for asthma and COPD patients.