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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure01:15

Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure

Endotracheal or ET intubation is a critical medical procedure used to secure a patient's airway, often in acute respiratory distress, apnea, upper airway obstruction, ineffective clearance of secretions, high risk for aspiration, or during general anesthesia.
The ET tube comprises various components, including a standard adaptor to attach a bag-valve-mask (BVM) or ventilator, a cuff, a pilot balloon, and radiopaque markings along its length to measure the insertion distance. The tube sizes...
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway01:29

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required
The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
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Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes

A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Testing of all Six Semicircular Canals with Video Head Impulse Test Systems
08:38

Testing of all Six Semicircular Canals with Video Head Impulse Test Systems

Published on: April 18, 2019

Testing Eustachian Tube Function.

Nathan J Creber1, Matthew E Smith2, James R Tysome2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing Eustachian tube dysfunction requires combining clinical history with objective tests like tympanometry. No single test is perfect, but an integrated approach improves accuracy for obstructive and patulous phenotypes.

Keywords:
AccuracyDiagnosisEustachian tubeFunctionTest

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Testing of all Six Semicircular Canals with Video Head Impulse Test Systems
08:38

Testing of all Six Semicircular Canals with Video Head Impulse Test Systems

Published on: April 18, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction presents a diagnostic challenge due to its spectrum of phenotypes.
  • Current diagnostic methods lack a universally accepted gold standard.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current diagnostic methods for assessing ET function.
  • To examine evolving therapeutic interventions for ET dysfunction.
  • To advocate for an integrated diagnostic approach.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ET dysfunction diagnosis.
  • Analysis of clinical assessment, patient-reported outcomes, tympanometry, manometry, and sonotubometry.
  • Evaluation of test sensitivity and specificity.

Main Results:

  • Clinical assessment and patient-reported outcomes have limited diagnostic utility alone.
  • Objective tests (tympanometry, manometry, sonotubometry) have unique strengths and weaknesses.
  • Individual tests show variable sensitivity and specificity; combined use is superior.

Conclusions:

  • An integrated diagnostic strategy combining clinical history with complementary objective measures is recommended.
  • This approach aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy for ET dysfunction.
  • Improved diagnosis will better guide the selection of appropriate therapeutic interventions.