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Multifunctional stanene driven by a magnetic topological switch.

M R Owji1, E Faizabadi2

  • 1School of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16844, Iran.

Scientific Reports
|July 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

We introduce a novel magnetic topological switch for stanene monolayers, enabling reversible transitions between quantum spin Hall, trivial insulator, and second-order topological insulator states. This tunable device offers multifunctionality for topological electronics.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Phenomena

Background:

  • Topological insulators exhibit unique electronic properties protected by time-reversal symmetry.
  • Stanene, a tin-based material, is a promising candidate for realizing topological states due to its strong spin-orbit coupling.
  • Developing tunable topological states is crucial for next-generation electronic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and analyze a novel magnetic topological switch for stanene monolayers.
  • To demonstrate reversible transitions between three distinct topological phases using a single localized perturbation.
  • To explore the potential of this switch for topological device architectures.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated bulk and nanoribbon geometries using spin-Berry curvature, spin-Chern number, and Wilson loop.
  • Analyzed finite stanene nanoflakes using a spectral localizer.
  • Examined symmetry-protected fractional corner charges (e/2 and e/4) and bulk-boundary correspondence.

Main Results:

  • Multifunctionality emerges exclusively in finite nanoflakes, not in bulk or nanoribbon geometries.
  • A single edge-localized magnetic perturbation reversibly drives stanene between quantum spin Hall, trivial insulator, and second-order topological insulator states.
  • Transitions are governed by effective gap closing/reopening due to edge-state penetration depth, leading to fractional corner charges.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed magnetic topological switch offers a minimalistic and experimentally accessible route to multifunctionality in stanene.
  • Finite nanoflake geometry is essential for realizing the full potential of the switch.
  • This work provides a direct pathway towards practical topological device applications.