Vector OBF detection method of magnetic tensor for small magnetic targets

Area of Science:

• Geophysics
• Signal Processing
• Electromagnetism

Background:

• Magnetic detection methods often struggle with small targets and limited directional information.
• Scalar orthonormal basis function (OBF) methods have limitations in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments.
• Enhancing directional information is crucial for accurate magnetic target detection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel vector OBF detection method utilizing magnetic tensors.
• To improve the detection probability and directional information for small magnetic targets.
• To enhance the performance of magnetic detection in noisy conditions.

Main Methods:

• Derived the OBF expression for the magnetic tensor vector.
• Constructed a magnetic tensor vector OBF detection model.
• Proposed a vector OBF detection method incorporating an AR whitening filter for optimization.

Main Results:

• The vector OBF method effectively detects magnetic anomaly signals in low SNR (-19 dB Gaussian noise).
• The proposed method shows significantly improved detection accuracy compared to scalar OBF methods.
• Detection probability is 6-35% higher with the vector OBF method under fractal noise.

Conclusions:

• The vector OBF detection method offers superior performance for small magnetic targets compared to scalar methods.
• This approach enhances detection capabilities in challenging low SNR and noisy environments.
• The magnetic tensor vector OBF method provides a robust solution for geophysical exploration and target detection.