Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prenatal Smoking Exposures and Epigenome-Wide Methylation in Newborn Blood.

Environmental health perspectives·2026
Same author

Comorbidities and lifestyle changes as predictors of the multiple sclerosis prodrome: A prospective cohort study.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2026
Same author

Serum metabolic profile at clinical onset as predictor of multiple sclerosis activity and progression after 5 years.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2026
Same author

Associations between self-reported personal care products use and menstrual cycle length and regularity in a US digital cohort.

Environment international·2026
Same author

Mobile device data for the study of miscarriage and its causes.

npj women's health·2026
Same author

Value of caregivers report at six months of age in predicting cerebral palsy - A prospective cohort study.

Early human development·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Gestational Age as a Risk Factor for Neurodevelopmental Disabilities: Exploring Causal Pathways.

Marianna Cortese1, Dag Moster2,3, Rolv Terje Lie2

  • 1Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
|July 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Premature birth increases risks for neurodevelopmental disabilities like cerebral palsy and ADHD. However, sibling analyses suggest confounding factors, not just delivery timing, influence these outcomes.

Keywords:
birth defectscerebral palsycohort studygestational ageneurodevelopmental disorderspost‐term birthpre‐term birth

More Related Videos

Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice
09:13

Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice

Published on: July 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice
09:13

Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice

Published on: July 11, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal epidemiology
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Public health

Background:

  • Gestational age at birth is linked to neurodevelopmental disabilities.
  • Debate exists on direct causality versus confounding by underlying pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate gestational age-specific relative risks for five major neurodevelopmental disabilities.
  • To explore confounding using sibling-matched analyses and birth defect comparisons.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort analysis of 2.9 million Norwegian births (1967-2019).
  • Assessed risks for cerebral palsy, intellectual impairment, epilepsy, ASD, and ADHD.
  • Utilized sibship-matched pairs and compared risks with birth defects.

Main Results:

  • Early preterm birth significantly increased risks for all five neurodevelopmental disabilities.
  • Relative risks were highest for cerebral palsy (50-fold) and ADHD (2-fold) at 23-27 weeks.
  • Sibship analyses and birth defect comparisons indicated substantial confounding influence.

Conclusions:

  • The observed association between preterm birth and neurodevelopmental disabilities may be overestimated.
  • Preventing these disabilities requires addressing prenatal factors, not solely focusing on delivery timing.