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Clinical spectrum and outcomes of autoimmune hepatitis in children: a quaternary centre experience

Nazia Iqbal1, Iqtadar Seerat1, Sobia Noureen1

  • 1Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|July 14, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This study analyzed pediatric autoimmune hepatitis outcomes, revealing jaundice as the most common symptom and highlighting significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment for children. Further research is needed to improve patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in children presents unique challenges.
  • Understanding disease spectrum and outcomes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze pediatric autoimmune hepatitis severity, treatment response, and clinical outcomes.
  • To assess progression to liver failure and transplant survival in children.

Main Methods:

  • A retro-prospective study of pediatric patients (<15 years) diagnosed with AIH.
  • Data collected on demographics, clinical features, labs, and imaging.
  • Statistical analysis using SPSS 27.

Main Results:

  • 56 children studied; 53.6% were girls. Predominant type was AIH-1 (82.1%).
  • Jaundice (96.4%) was the most common symptom, followed by ascites (50%).
  • 8 (14.3%) patients required liver transplantation; hepatocyte rosette formation noted on biopsy.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric autoimmune hepatitis exhibits significant clinical variability.
  • Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges persist, necessitating improved strategies.
  • Outcomes analysis underscores the need for advanced pediatric liver disease care.
Abstract

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseases, Autoantibodies, Immunosuppressive agents, Liver biopsy, Liver transplantation

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