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Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...

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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

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Published on: April 10, 2018

Spatial Electric Field Effect-Driven Efficient Sulfur Reduction Reaction.

Haoshen Liang¹, Wenzhi Huang¹, Zexin Su¹

¹School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|July 14, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed a novel NiCo2O4-xSex framework to improve lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). This structure enhances polysulfide management and controlled deposition, boosting battery performance and lifespan.

Keywords:

gradient material lithium‐sulfur battery polysulfide regulation spatial electric field

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Battery Technology

Background:

Soluble polysulfide diffusion and uncontrolled Li2S deposition cause capacity decay and low Coulombic efficiency in lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs).
Effective strategies are needed to mitigate these issues for improved LSB performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To design a novel framework that synergistically couples spatial electric-field effects with electronic-structure modulation for enhanced LSB performance.
To investigate the mechanism of polysulfide conversion and deposition within the engineered framework.

Main Methods:

Construction of a hollow urchin-like NiCo2O4-xSex framework with high-curvature tips and a gradient outer layer.
Utilizing localized electric fields and Se-induced electronic structure modulation to control polysulfide behavior.
Electrochemical testing to evaluate performance under high-rate operation, prolonged cycling, and high sulfur loading.

Main Results:

The NiCo2O4-xSex framework effectively drives polysulfide and Li+ accumulation via a potential gradient, initiating rapid interfacial conversion.
Se regulation optimizes Co sites, strengthening Co-S interactions and facilitating S-S bond cleavage.
The polysulfide reaction pathway transforms into a spatially vectorial process, suppressing the shuttle effect and preventing Li2S accumulation.

Conclusions:

Synergistic spatial electric-field engineering converts complex interfacial reactions into a controllable spatial process.
The developed framework offers a new avenue for advancing lithium-sulfur battery technology.
Outstanding electrochemical performance was achieved under demanding conditions, including high-rate operation and high sulfur loading.