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Related Concept Videos

Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
13:12

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping

Published on: August 12, 2019

A Task-Based Functional MRI Double Dissociation of Visual Language and Feature Processing in Healthy Adults.

Solana Redway1,2,3, Helen Hsiao1,2,3, Erica Zeng1,2,3

  • 1BC Mental Health & Substance Use Services Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
|July 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Functional MRI (fMRI) data revealed distinct brain activity patterns for visual features and language processing. This double dissociation confirms that these cognitive modes are separable and detectable using fMRI.

Keywords:
constrained principal component analysis (CPCA)double dissociationfunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)language

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Revised and Neuroimaging-Compatible Versions of the Dual Task Screen
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Revised and Neuroimaging-Compatible Versions of the Dual Task Screen

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Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
13:12

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping

Published on: August 12, 2019

Revised and Neuroimaging-Compatible Versions of the Dual Task Screen
07:52

Revised and Neuroimaging-Compatible Versions of the Dual Task Screen

Published on: October 5, 2020

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Task-based functional MRI (fMRI) measures blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity to identify brain configurations for cognitive functions.
  • Cognitive modes, defined by spatial, temporal, and functional combinations, can be discriminated through BOLD signal changes after whole-brain dimensionality reduction.
  • A double dissociation in fMRI activation patterns provides strong evidence for distinct cognitive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the double dissociation between Focus on Visual Features (FoVF) and Language (LAN) cognitive modes.
  • To analyze the Coherence-Semantic task data from the Midnight Scan Club dataset.
  • To demonstrate the discriminability of cognitive modes using fMRI.

Main Methods:

  • 10 healthy participants underwent fMRI scans over 10 sessions on a 3-Tesla MRI scanner.
  • The Coherence-Semantic task involved distinguishing dot movement coherence and identifying word types (noun vs. verb).
  • fMRI data analysis combined finite impulse response multivariate multiple regression with whole-brain dimensionality reduction, evaluated using repeated-measures ANOVAs.

Main Results:

  • A double dissociation was observed between FoVF and LAN cognitive modes.
  • FoVF showed increased BOLD activation during the Coherence condition, while LAN showed increased activation during the Semantic condition.
  • The default mode exhibited task-related deactivation in both conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The observed double dissociation provides evidence for the temporal and functional separability of FoVF and LAN.
  • This finding supports the discriminability of cognitive modes detectable by fMRI.
  • fMRI is a valuable tool for identifying distinct cognitive processes in the brain.