Metabolites with anti-inflammatory activity from the mangrove endophytic fungus Fusarium decemcellulare DQ-28

The mangrove-derived fungus Fusarium decemcellulare DQ-28 isolated from Kandelia obovata Sheue & et.al. and cultured on a solid rice medium yielded five new secondary metabolites, including one diphenolic derivative decemcellulin A (1), one butenolide derivative decemcellulin B (2), two furo-α-pyrone derivatives (±)- decemcellulin C (3), and one sesquiterpene derivative decemcellulene A (4). Their structures and absolute configurations were established by NMR and HRESIMS spectra, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. Compound 1 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 19.61 ± 0.14 µM. Western blot analysis revealed that 1 effectively suppressed the protein level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells.