Child Health Research Using linked Multi-domain Canadian Administrative Data: A Scoping Review

Linked administrative data integrating health and non-health information can support population-based research about biological and contextual environmental factors that influence child health. Database linkage studies leverage existing data to provide more comprehensive information than would be available from any single source. However, it is unknown the extent by which child health studies capitalise on linked multi-domain Canadian administrative data.

This scoping review aims to describe Canadian population-based child health studies that used linked multi-domain (i.e., health and non-health) administrative data.

A systematic search was conducted of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Global Health from inception until March 12, 2025. Articles were included if they focused on children (birth to 18 years), used Canadian administrative data, and linked health with non-health data. Two reviewers independently screened titles/abstracts and full texts; a pilot test ensured consistency. Article characteristics, province/territory, parental linkage, and non-health variables, were collected using an extraction form.

The search yielded 4,437 articles, of which 42 met inclusion criteria. Most articles were conducted in Manitoba (45%) and Ontario (36%). Maternal linkage was common, whereas paternal linkage was limited to Manitoba and British Columbia. Immigration status was the most common non-health variable. Health service use, particularly preventive care, such as screening and vaccination coverage, was a common research theme. No multi-jurisdictional studies were identified.

Multi-domain administrative data linkage studies remain concentrated in a few provinces. Expanding parental linkage, integrating non-health variables, and strengthening multi-jurisdictional studies are crucial for improving population-based understanding of child health influences across Canada.