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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Rat Model of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder
04:46

Rat Model of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder

Published on: September 28, 2018

At-Home Shoulder Exercises or Supervised Physical Therapy for Adhesive Capsulitis: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort

Austin M Gartner1, Vafa Behzadpour2, Rosalee E Zackula3

  • 1Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.

The Iowa Orthopaedic Journal
|July 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Home-based exercise programs (HEP) for adhesive capsulitis improved shoulder range of motion (ROM) more effectively than supervised physical therapy (SPT). Initial treatment with HEP is recommended, reserving SPT for persistent cases.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Physical Therapy
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Adhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, is a debilitating condition affecting shoulder mobility.
  • Treatment strategies vary, with a need to optimize clinical outcomes and minimize intervention costs.
  • Understanding the comparative effectiveness of different exercise regimens is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the influence of prescribed shoulder exercise regimens on clinical outcomes in patients with adhesive capsulitis.
  • To compare the effectiveness of a doctor-directed home-based exercise program (HEP) versus HEP supplemented with supervised physical therapy (SPT).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, comparative cohort study of 124 patients with adhesive capsulitis (primary or secondary systemic).
Keywords:
adhesive capsulitisconservative managementfrozen shoulderorthopaedicsphysical therapytreatment expectations

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

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  • Patients were divided into two groups: home-based exercise program (HEP) and supervised physical therapy (SPT) plus HEP.
  • Primary outcomes included shoulder range of motion (ROM) and treatment failures requiring operative intervention.

    • Main Results:

    • Both HEP and SPT groups showed significant improvements in shoulder ROM (p<0.001).
    • The HEP group demonstrated significantly greater shoulder flexion and abduction at 8-week and final follow-ups compared to the SPT group (p<0.001).
    • No treatment failures occurred in the HEP cohort, while 23% of the SPT cohort experienced treatment failure, necessitating operative intervention.

    Conclusions:

    • Initial treatment with at-home shoulder stretching exercises (HEP) is effective for adhesive capsulitis.
    • Supervised physical therapy (SPT) or operative intervention should be reserved for recalcitrant cases.
    • HEP offers a cost-effective approach with favorable clinical outcomes for adhesive capsulitis.