A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Breast Cancer

Chemotherapy is a cornerstone of comprehensive breast cancer treatment. However, its non-specific cytotoxic effects frequently involve the gastrointestinal tract, leading to a spectrum of digestive adverse reactions, including chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), anorexia, diarrhea, and constipation. These symptoms not only compromise patients' quality of life but may also impair treatment adherence. In severe cases, they can necessitate dose reduction or treatment discontinuation. This review systematically examines the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and classification of gastrointestinal adverse reactions associated with breast cancer chemotherapy, with a focus on CINV management strategies. These strategies include pharmacological prophylaxis, individualized risk assessment, non-pharmacological interventions, and the use of standardized assessment tools. Based on the available evidence, we discuss the transition from an experience-based nursing model to a predictive one. We also emphasize the importance of patient education, psychological support, and family involvement, and highlight specific considerations for breast cancer patients. This review provides a systematic, evidence‑based reference for the clinical care of CINV in breast cancer to optimize gastrointestinal symptom management and improve treatment outcomes and quality of life for these patients.