Arthroscopic Management of Spinoglenoid Cyst Compressing on the Suprascapular Nerve: A Case Report

Spinoglenoid cysts are a rare cause of suprascapular nerve compression and may present with shoulder pain, weakness, and muscle atrophy. Compression of the inferior branch of the suprascapular nerve at the spinoglenoid notch characteristically results in isolated infraspinatus weakness and atrophy, often leading to diagnostic delay due to nonspecific clinical symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice for identifying the location, size, and extent of the lesion. Arthroscopic decompression is considered the preferred treatment approach. We report the case of a 42-year-old male patient who presented with right shoulder pain, isolated weakness of external rotation, and infraspinatus muscle atrophy of three months duration. MRI revealed a spinoglenoid ganglion cyst causing suprascapular nerve compression. The patient underwent arthroscopic decompression of the cyst, resulting in immediate postoperative pain relief. A structured rehabilitation program was initiated, beginning with range-of-motion exercises followed by progressive strengthening. At follow-up, the patient demonstrated significant improvement in shoulder function. Spinoglenoid cysts are frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed because of vague shoulder complaints; however, they can lead to significant pain, weakness, and muscle atrophy if untreated. Arthroscopic decompression offers effective symptom relief and facilitates recovery of shoulder strength and range of motion.