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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Simultaneous Electrical and Mechanical Stimulation to Enhance Cells' Cardiomyogenic Potential

Simultaneous Electrical and Mechanical Stimulation to Enhance Cells' Cardiomyogenic Potential

Published on: January 18, 2019

A Platform for the Actuation of Magnetically Labeled Skeletal Muscle Cells Using Dynamic Magnetic Stimulation.

Tayná C Rodrigues^1,2,3, Anna-Lena Bauknecht^1,4,5,6, Anna Gioran^1,2,3

¹Chair of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|July 14, 2026

Summary

Magnetic microspheres (MMS) conjugated to myoblasts enable targeted magnetic stimulation, enhancing muscle cell differentiation and fusion. This biohybrid approach offers efficient remote control for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

Keywords:

Helmholtz coil stimulation YAP signaling magnetic microactuation magnetic microspheres mechanotransduction myogenic differentiation

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

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Engineering Skeletal Muscle Tissues from Murine Myoblast Progenitor Cells and Application of Electrical Stimulation

Engineering Skeletal Muscle Tissues from Murine Myoblast Progenitor Cells and Application of Electrical Stimulation

Published on: March 19, 2013

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Biohybrid Robotics

Background:

Engineering functional skeletal muscle tissues is crucial for biohybrid robotics, regenerative medicine, and disease modeling.
Mechanical and magnetic stimulation are key methods for influencing cell behavior and tissue development.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a Helmholtz coil-based platform for magnetic stimulation of engineered muscle tissues.
To investigate the efficacy of magnetic microspheres (MMS) conjugated to myoblasts for targeted mechanotransduction and enhanced myogenic differentiation.

Main Methods:

Conjugation of MMS to myoblast integrins.
Application of alternating magnetic fields (∼2.9 mT, 50 Hz) using a Helmholtz coil system.
Analysis of myogenic differentiation, cell fusion indices, and gene expression (qRT-PCR).
Assessment of Yes-associated protein (YAP) nuclear localization.

Main Results:

Magnetic stimulation of non-labeled cells enhanced myogenic differentiation and fusion.
MMS-labeled cells required significantly less stimulation time for comparable differentiation enhancement.
Stimulation activated force-dependent signaling pathways, evidenced by increased YAP nuclear localization.
Upregulation of myogenic genes was observed, particularly in MMS-labeled cells.

Conclusions:

Targeted microactuation using MMS and magnetic fields provides an efficient strategy for remote stimulation of muscle cells.
This approach enhances myogenic differentiation and fusion, offering potential for muscle tissue engineering and therapeutic applications.
The integration of cell labeling and dynamic magnetic fields opens new avenues for biofabrication and regenerative strategies.