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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
10:05

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia

Published on: January 27, 2018

Sensory Tricks in Dystonia: A Systematic Review and Nested Quantitative Synthesis.

Anish Mehta1,2, Thyagarajan Shivashanmugam2, Michiko K Bruno3,4

  • 1Department of Neurology, Ramaiah Medical College and Hospitals, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India.

Brain and Behavior
|July 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Sensory tricks, or alleviating maneuvers, offer temporary relief for dystonia symptoms in many patients. However, inconsistent measurement hinders understanding of their full potential and development of new therapies.

Keywords:
dystoniageste antagonisteneuromodulationquantitative synthesissensorimotor integrationsensory trickssystematic review

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Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia
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Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia

Published on: September 12, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
10:05

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia

Published on: January 27, 2018

Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia
10:41

Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia

Published on: September 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders
  • Clinical Neuroscience

Background:

  • Sensory tricks (alleviating maneuvers) are voluntary actions that temporarily reduce dystonic movements and postures.
  • These maneuvers are a key clinical feature of dystonia, offering diagnostic and mechanistic insights.
  • Previous research has extensively described these phenomena but lacked systematic synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize evidence on alleviating maneuvers in dystonia.
  • Characterize their prevalence, phenomenology, clinical effects, predictors, and neurobiological mechanisms.
  • Evaluate the feasibility of quantitative synthesis and their translational relevance.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review with a nested quantitative synthesis was performed using a preregistered protocol.
  • Searches included PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from inception.
  • Qualitative synthesis covered phenomenology, effects, predictors, mechanisms, and applications; quantitative synthesis was planned but limited by heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • 53 studies met inclusion criteria; 31 contributed to qualitative synthesis, 26 to quantitative analyses.
  • Alleviating maneuvers were reported in 13%-90% of dystonia patients, with a large cohort showing 68.7% effectiveness.
  • Acute motor improvements (30%-50%) were observed but were transient; responsiveness correlated with shorter disease duration and botulinum toxin response.

Conclusions:

  • Alleviating maneuvers are a consistent and informative feature of dystonia.
  • Their magnitude, duration, and predictors are inconsistently measured.
  • Standardized methods are needed for quantitative synthesis and evaluating device-based analogues.