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Perceived Managerial Care, Feedback-Seeking Behavior, and Reflective Ability in New Nurses: A Three-Wave Longitudinal
Yongkang Fu1,2, Dongrun Liu2, Zhengyi Ma2
1Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.
Journal of Nursing Management
|July 14, 2026
Summary
Managerial care positively influences newly graduated nurses' reflective ability, with feedback-seeking behavior acting as a key mediator. Encouraging supportive environments and feedback can enhance early career development.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Healthcare Management
- Professional Development
Background:
- Reflective ability is crucial for new nurses' adaptation and professional growth in complex clinical settings.
- The longitudinal impact of managerial care on reflective ability, mediated by specific behaviors, requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between perceived managerial care and reflective ability in newly graduated nurses.
- To investigate the longitudinal mediating role of feedback-seeking behavior in this relationship.
Main Methods:
- A three-wave longitudinal survey design over 6 months involving newly graduated nurses from 10 Chinese tertiary hospitals.
- Validated scales assessed perceived managerial care, feedback-seeking behavior, and reflective ability.
- Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping analyses were used to test longitudinal mediation effects.
Main Results:
- Perceived managerial care, feedback-seeking behavior, and reflective ability showed significant positive correlations across all time points.
- Feedback-seeking behavior longitudinally mediated the relationship between perceived managerial care and reflective ability, explaining 44.02% of the total effect.
- The structural equation model demonstrated acceptable fit, supporting the proposed mediation.
Conclusions:
- Feedback-seeking behavior is a significant mediator linking perceived managerial care to enhanced reflective ability in early-career nurses.
- Nursing managers can foster reflective ability by creating supportive environments and promoting feedback-seeking behaviors.
- Interventions strengthening managerial care and feedback mechanisms are recommended to support new nurses' professional development and adaptation.
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