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Perceived Managerial Care, Feedback-Seeking Behavior, and Reflective Ability in New Nurses: A Three-Wave Longitudinal
Yongkang Fu1,2, Dongrun Liu2, Zhengyi Ma2
1Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.
Objective:
This study aimed to examine the association between perceived managerial care and reflective ability in newly graduated nurses and to investigate the longitudinal mediating role of feedback-seeking behavior, providing a theoretical basis for managerial interventions.
Background:
Reflective ability is a critical competence for newly graduated nurses to adapt to complex clinical environments and promote professional development. Managerial care has been shown to influence nurses' learning-related behaviors; however, the longitudinal mechanisms through which perceived managerial care enhances reflective ability remain unclear.
Design:
A three-wave longitudinal survey design was employed, with data collected at three time points (T1, T2, and T3) over 6 months.
Methods:
Newly graduated nurses from 10 tertiary general hospitals in China were recruited using simple random sampling. Validated scales were used to assess perceived managerial care, feedback-seeking behavior, and reflective ability. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping analyses were conducted to examine longitudinal mediation effects.
Results:
Perceived managerial care, feedback-seeking behavior, and reflective ability were positively correlated at T1, T2, and T3 (p < 0.01), with mean scores increasing over time. Feedback-seeking behavior played a significant longitudinal mediating role between perceived managerial care and reflective ability, accounting for 44.02% of the total effect. The structural equation model showed acceptable fit indices.
Conclusion:
Feedback-seeking behavior mediates the relationship between perceived managerial care and reflective ability in newly graduated nurses. Strengthening managerial care and encouraging feedback-seeking behaviors may effectively promote reflective ability and support early career development.
Implications For Nursing Management:
The findings suggest that nursing managers may enhance new nurses' reflective ability by fostering supportive managerial environments and encouraging feedback-seeking behavior. Strengthening managerial care and establishing effective feedback mechanisms could facilitate professional development and improve early career adaptation among new nurses.
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