Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, but not calcium channel blockers, improve peripheral vascular function in systemic...

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease associated with vasculopathy. Raynaud's phenomenon is a common symptom of SSc, and treatment guidelines support calcium channel blocker (CCB) and phosphodiesterase inhibitor-5 (PDE5i) as first- and second-line therapy, respectively. However, the impact of these drug classes on peripheral vascular function or haemodynamic outcomes in SSc is unknown.

Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured in patients with SSc (n=119) that were allocated into groups based on cardiovascular-acting medications usage within the previous 24 hours.

Clinical cardiovascular outcomes were unaffected by acute cardiovascular-acting medications, with the exception of PDE5i that resulted in lower diastolic blood pressure (CV Meds+PDE5i: 66±11 vs. No CV Meds: 74±8; CV Meds: 72±8; CV Meds+CCB: 73±7 mmHg, p<0.05). Patients on CCB had similar FMD to patients with and without cardiovascular-acting medication usage (No CV Meds: 7.6±4.0; CV Meds: 6.2±3.4: CV Meds+CCB: 5.8±3.1%, p>0.05), while FMD in patients on PDE5i (CV Meds+PDE5i: 8.9±4.4%) was greater than patients with cardiovascular-acting medication usage regardless of the presence or absence of CCB usage (p<0.05). A subset of patients (n=17) completed multiple testing visits with and without CCB usage in the previous 24 hours, CCB usage did not affect FMD (no CCB: 6.7±3.4 vs. CCB: 7.7±6.6, p>0.05).

Acute CCB usage does not affect peripheral vascular function or haemodynamic outcomes in patients with SSc, whereas acute PDE5i usage results in lower diastolic blood pressure and greater FMD. These findings suggest that PDE5i improves vascular function in SSc, while CCB usage does not.