Associated Factors of Fall Risk Perception Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

The current study aimed to assess the status and associated factors of fall risk perception among community-dwelling older adults in China, conceptualized within the Theory of Planned Behavior as a determinant of attitudes and intentions toward fall prevention behaviors, which could provide evidence for fall prevention strategies.

Between November 2023 and March 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit older adults from a community in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province. Data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire and the Community Elderly Fall Risk Perception Scale.

A total of 267 community-dwelling older adults participated in the current study, with a mean fall risk perception score of 62.12 (SD = 13.25). Univariate analysis revealed that age, educational level, household location, history of falls within the past year, vision condition, number of medications, use of walking aids, perceived physical health condition, fear of falling, and living situation, were significantly associated with fall risk perception among older adults (all p < .05). Subsequent multivariate linear regression analysis identified fear of falling, number of medications, use of walking aids, educational level, and living alone as independent predictors of fall risk perception (all p < .05). There were differential effects of these factors on fall risk perception in men and women.

Community-dwelling older adults from this sample exhibited a moderate level of fall risk perception, indicating that although they recognize potential for falls, there may still be gaps in their awareness or understanding of personal risk factors. This perception is shaped by a combination of factors, underscoring importance of fall prevention. It is imperative that community health workers assist older adults to gain an accurate understanding of their fall risks and facilitate development of tailored fall prevention strategies.