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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis

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Published on: October 15, 2019

Distinct Assembly Complexes facilitate cbb₃-type Cytochrome Oxidase Maturation.

Kaiwei Shen¹, Yavuz Öztürk², Jorge Jimenez-Niebla³

¹Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg 79104 Freiburg, Germany.

Journal of Molecular Biology

|July 14, 2026

Summary

Bacterial cytochrome oxidase (Cox) assembly involves large, stable protein complexes, challenging previous assumptions. These complexes coordinate cofactor insertion for cbb3-Cox maturation in R. capsulatus.

Keywords:

Rhodobacter capsulatus copper homeostasis cytochrome oxidase cytochromes protein assembly

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

Background:

Cytochrome oxidase (Cox) assembly requires precise coordination of subunit association and cofactor insertion.
Mitochondrial Cox assembly utilizes large machineries, while bacterial assembly was thought to involve transient interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mechanisms of cbb3-type Cytochrome oxidase assembly in the α-proteobacterium R. capsulatus.
To identify the protein complexes involved in bacterial Cox maturation.

Main Methods:

Identification and characterization of stable protein complexes during cbb3-Cox assembly.
Analysis of cofactor insertion pathways mediated by these complexes.

Main Results:

Three stable assembly complexes (500, 390, and 150 kDa) were identified.
These complexes facilitate stepwise heme and copper insertion.
A copper insertion module involving CcoG, CcoI, SenC, and CcoS was characterized.

Conclusions:

Large multi-protein assembly machineries, similar to those in mitochondria, are essential for bacterial cbb3-Cox maturation.
Bacterial Cox assembly is more complex than previously assumed, involving stable intermediate complexes.
Copper loading onto CcoG and CcoI regulates the formation and stability of these assembly complexes.