Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026
14:43
A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
Published on: January 12, 2018
Historically Marginalized and Minority Populations With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Deeper Dive Into a Complex
Roberto J Bernardo1, Victor E Ortega2, Jason Glenn3
1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Chest
|July 14, 2026
Summary
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) disparities disproportionately impact minority groups. Addressing social determinants and medical mistrust is crucial for achieving health equity in PAH care.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Health Equity
Background:
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) disproportionately affects minority populations, including Black, Hispanic, and American Indian individuals.
- Existing disparities in epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and healthcare access require urgent attention.
- Historical exploitation has led to medical mistrust within these communities, impacting care.
- Race and ethnicity are social constructs with implications for understanding health disparities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine disparities in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) through cross-cutting themes and population-specific evidence.
- To analyze the role of race and ethnicity as social constructs in PAH.
- To review the significance of socioeconomic factors in clinical outcomes across diverse populations.
Main Methods:
- State-of-the-art review of existing literature on PAH disparities.
- Examination of genetic ancestry research within the framework of race as a social variable.
- Analysis of population-specific data on clinical phenotypes, survival, and healthcare access.
Main Results:
- Disparities in PAH epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and access to care are evident across racial and ethnic lines.
- Socioeconomic deprivation significantly impacts clinical outcomes in PAH patients.
- Genetic ancestry research must be framed within social, not biological, definitions of race.
Conclusions:
- Achieving health equity in pulmonary hypertension care requires addressing social determinants, medical mistrust, and systemic biases.
- A framework for shared efforts is proposed to reduce disparities in PAH.
- Further research is needed to fill knowledge gaps and promote equitable care for all populations affected by PAH.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are...
01:12Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data
Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
02:16Surveys
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
01:31In- and Out-Groups
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
01:17Healthcare Agencies II
There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources, and lay...
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources, and lay...