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Published on: January 26, 2024

Preeclampsia Screening

Yunyu Chen1, Liona C Poon1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 15, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Early identification of high-risk pregnancies for preeclampsia is crucial. The Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) triple test offers accurate prediction using maternal factors and biomarkers, improving maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Preeclampsia is a major global cause of maternal and perinatal mortality.
  • Effective early identification of high-risk pregnancies is essential for prevention.
  • Screening has evolved from checklist methods to individualized risk prediction models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate the first-trimester Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) triple test for preeclampsia prediction.
  • To highlight the importance of standardized protocols and quality control in biomarker testing.
  • To discuss the potential use of the triple test and additional biomarkers in later trimesters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes Bayes' theorem for patient-specific risk calculation.
  • Integrates maternal factors, mean arterial pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index, and serum placental growth factor.
  • Undergone successful internal and external validation for preterm preeclampsia prediction.

Main Results:

  • The first-trimester FMF triple test demonstrates successful validation for predicting preterm preeclampsia.
  • Standardized measurement protocols and quality control are vital for optimal screening performance.
  • The triple test can be extended to the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.

Conclusions:

  • The FMF triple test represents an advancement in individualized, multivariable preeclampsia screening.
  • Adding biomarkers like soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 enhances risk stratification and surveillance.
  • Accurate prediction facilitates the development and optimization of preventive strategies for preeclampsia.

Keywords:
first trimesterpredictionpreeclampsiascreeningsecond trimesterthird trimester

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