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Risk Factors and Predictive Biomarkers for Postoperative Complications in Crohn's Disease Surgery: Systematic Review
Bobuțac Eduard1, Zaharie Delia Roxana1,2, Vălean Dan1
1Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 15, 2026
Summary
Predicting postoperative complications in Crohn's disease surgery is challenging. This review evaluates biomarkers and multiomics approaches to improve risk stratification and personalize patient care.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Oncology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Crohn's disease surgery has high complication rates (20-50%), impacting patient recovery and healthcare costs.
- Existing risk factors inadequately predict postoperative outcomes, necessitating improved stratification.
- Biological therapies are changing Crohn's disease management, influencing surgical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review predictive biomarkers for postoperative complications in Crohn's disease surgery.
- To explore the role of multiomics and machine learning in enhancing predictive accuracy.
- To understand the interplay between medical and surgical management for optimized patient care.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review.
- Evaluation of inflammatory markers, nutritional parameters, and molecular signatures.
- Exploration of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and machine learning integration.
Main Results:
- Established and emerging biomarkers show potential for predicting complications.
- Multiomics approaches offer enhanced predictive capabilities.
- Machine learning models can improve the accuracy of risk assessment.
Conclusions:
- Combining biomarkers with advanced analytical tools can personalize risk assessment.
- Improved risk stratification guides clinical decision-making in Crohn's disease surgery.
- Further research is needed to validate novel predictive strategies.
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