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Adaptive Step-Size Tuning Combined with Ternary Search Optimization for FCS-MPC Sensorless Speed Estimation of PMSMs.

Zheng Dang1, Fuguang Yang1, Jiuhong Ruan1,2

  • 1School of Rail Transportation, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China.

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|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an adaptive strategy for sensorless speed estimation in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), improving convergence speed and accuracy while reducing computational load.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Control Systems
  • Motor Drives

Background:

  • Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) is crucial for sensorless speed estimation in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs).
  • Existing FCS-MPC methods face challenges with slow transient convergence, low steady-state accuracy, and high computational complexity.
  • Sensorless operation in PMSMs requires precise and efficient speed estimation algorithms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the performance of FCS-MPC-based sensorless speed estimation for PMSMs.
  • To overcome limitations of slow convergence, poor accuracy, and computational burden in existing methods.
  • To propose a novel adaptive step-size tuning strategy combined with ternary search optimization.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a cost function utilizing flux linkage error for adaptive step-size adjustment.
  • Implemented an adaptive prediction step-size strategy for electrical angle based on normalized flux linkage error.
  • Introduced a ternary search optimization for the electrical-angle search process to reduce complexity.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method demonstrated faster transient convergence compared to conventional fixed step-size approaches.
  • Achieved higher steady-state estimation accuracy under various operating conditions.
  • Significantly reduced computational complexity through optimized search strategies.

Conclusions:

  • The adaptive step-size tuning and ternary search optimization effectively improve FCS-MPC sensorless speed estimation for PMSMs.
  • The proposed method offers a superior balance of speed, accuracy, and computational efficiency.
  • Validated effectiveness through simulations and experimental results on a PMSM test bench.