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Related Concept Videos

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials01:11

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...
Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending01:23

Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending

The design of prismatic beams, structural elements with a uniform cross-section, focuses on ensuring safety and structural integrity under load. The design process begins by determining the allowable stress, either from material properties tables, or by dividing the material's ultimate strength by a safety factor. This safety factor is essential for accommodating uncertainties, and varies depending on the material—timber, steel, or concrete—with each having unique strength and stress...
Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete01:16

Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete

Considering the tensile strength of concrete involves recognizing that the theoretical strength of cement paste can be up to a thousand times higher than what is observed in practical applications. This significant discrepancy is largely attributed to the presence of microscopic cracks within the concrete. These cracks tend to amplify stress at their tips when a load is applied, a phenomenon explained by Griffith's theory of brittle fracture.
The dimensions and shape of a concrete specimen also...
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress01:25

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress

In designing structural elements and machine parts using ductile materials, it is crucial to ensure that these components withstand applied stresses without yielding. Yielding is initially determined through a tensile test, which evaluates the material's response to uniaxial stress. However, tensile stress is insufficient when components face biaxial or plane stress conditions This condition requires advanced criteria to predict failure.
The Maximum Shearing Stress Criterion, also known as the...
Indeterminate Structure01:18

Indeterminate Structure

Indeterminate structures refer to structures where internal forces and reactions cannot be determined using only the equations of static equilibrium.  Indeterminate structures have more unknown forces and reaction forces than equations of static equilibrium that can be used to determine them. Indeterminate structures are often used in engineering to create complex, efficient, and aesthetically pleasing structures. There are various types of indeterminate structures used in engineering and some...

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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting
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Published on: May 14, 2016

Modelling the Mechanical Properties of Architected Cellular Solids for Structural Applications: A Review.

Jorge Luis Flores Alarcón1, Rafael Schouwenaars2,3, Armando Ortiz2

  • 1Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Predicting the stiffness and strength of cellular solids for lightweight structures is crucial. New models aim for general applicability without extensive experiments or complex computations, leveraging AI and machine learning.

Keywords:
cellular solidmodellingstiffnesstriply periodic minimal surfacetrussesyield locus

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Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment
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Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting
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Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment
08:23

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Published on: May 18, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics

Background:

  • Cellular solids are vital for lightweight structural components, demanding accurate stiffness and strength predictions.
  • Current models often require extensive parameter fitting or computationally intensive calculations, limiting their general applicability.
  • Existing 2D/2.5D models may neglect out-of-plane behavior, while 3D models (FEMs) are often confined to specific geometries and simple loading conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and present models for predicting the mechanical properties of 2D, 2.5D, and 3D cellular solids.
  • To highlight the limitations of current modeling approaches, including those based on finite element methods (FEMs).
  • To explore computationally efficient and generalizable modeling strategies for advanced cellular solid designs.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of existing analytical and numerical models for cellular solids.
  • Discussion of finite element models (FEMs) for 3D structures.
  • Exploration of simplified structural mechanics models and the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML).

Main Results:

  • Most 2D/2.5D models overlook out-of-plane behavior and face sheets.
  • 3D FEM studies are typically limited to specific geometries and simple loads, with elastic anisotropy well-addressed but yield surface calculation challenging.
  • Simplified structural mechanics models offer efficiency for truss-based materials but are often scope-limited.

Conclusions:

  • Developing generalized, parameter-based FEMs is essential for incorporating 3D cellular solids into mechanical design across various loading conditions.
  • AI and ML present promising avenues for optimizing the use of experimental and FEM data in multidimensional parameter spaces.
  • Future research should focus on computationally efficient, broadly applicable models for predicting cellular solid performance.