Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

08:43
Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) of Metal-Ceramic Components
Published on: January 11, 2019
Current Developments in the Use of FDM 3D-Printed Materials for Efficient Heat Transfer Applications
1Department of Power Systems and Environmental Protection Facilities, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 15, 2026
Summary
Additive manufacturing (AM) offers pathways for thermal system components. Metal-filled filaments are suitable for early prototyping, while hybrid methods yield superior metallic structures for advanced applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Mechanical Engineering
- Thermal Systems
Background:
- Additive Manufacturing (AM) is crucial for developing functional components in thermal systems.
- Prototyping requires evaluating both thermal and mechanical performance for component viability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate additive manufacturing (AM) technologies for thermal system components.
- To compare metal-filled polymer filaments via Material Extrusion (MEX) with hybrid polymer-metal approaches.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)/Material Extrusion (MEX) with metal-filled filaments.
- Employed a hybrid method combining polymer 3D printing with conductive coating and electrochemical copper deposition.
Main Results:
- Metal-filled filaments offer rapid, low-cost prototyping but have limited mechanical properties.
- The hybrid method produces hollow metallic geometries with enhanced thermal and electrical conductivity.
- Understanding tensile strength is key for assessing AM materials in energy systems.
Conclusions:
- MEX with metal-filled filaments is ideal for initial design iterations.
- Hybrid methods represent a subsequent stage for advanced, functional metallic components.
- AM technologies like MEX, PBF, DED, and hybrid approaches facilitate metallic structure development for thermal applications.
Related Concept Videos
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant heat.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant heat.
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I
Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
Mechanism of heat transfer
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
