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Related Concept Videos

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Evaluation of the Curing of Adhesive Systems by Rheological and Thermal Testing
09:06

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Published on: July 3, 2020

Rheological Evolution and Viscoelastic Transition of Ambient-Curing Epoxy-Urethane Reactive Polymer Composites.

Xinmei Zhang1, Yan Shi1, Dongliang Wang2

  • 1Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China.

Polymers
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study characterizes epoxy-urethane polymer composites (EUPC) with calcium carbonate. Rheological analysis reveals temperature sensitivity and structure buildup crucial for processability.

Keywords:
ambient curingapparent gel timeepoxy–urethane compositerheological evolutionthree-interval thixotropyviscoelastic transition

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Ambient-curing epoxy-urethane reactive polymer composites (EUPC) necessitate a balance between initial fluidity and structural development.
  • Precipitated calcium carbonate was incorporated into EUPC formulations to modify their properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize the rheological evolution of EUPC formulations during ambient curing.
  • To understand the interplay between initial flow, temperature sensitivity, and structure buildup in these composites.

Main Methods:

  • Flow sweep, temperature sweep, time sweep, three-interval thixotropy tests (3ITT), amplitude sweep, and oscillatory time sweep were employed.
  • Rheological behavior was analyzed under various shear and temperature conditions.

Main Results:

  • EUPC formulations displayed significant initial flow resistance and temperature sensitivity, with viscosity decreasing upon heating.
  • Continuous viscosity increase during ambient curing indicated progressive structure buildup.
  • 3ITT results suggested that recovery index reflects post-shear behavior rather than pure thixotropy.
  • Oscillatory measurements showed a transition from viscous to elastic dominance, with varying apparent gel times across formulations.

Conclusions:

  • The processability and structure buildup of EUPC are critically dependent on initial viscosity, temperature sensitivity, post-shear recovery, and the viscous-to-elastic transition.
  • A holistic evaluation integrating these factors is essential for optimizing EUPC performance.