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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Published on: January 19, 2016

Crystallization-Programmed Isotactic Polystyrene Towards Membrane Architecture: Quantitative Optical-Thermal

Al Mamun1, Maha Alruwaili1, Abdullah Al-Mamun2

  • 1Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Al Jamiah, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia.

Polymers
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study quantifies how thermal history affects isotactic polystyrene (iPS) crystallization, creating a process-structure map for designing polymer membrane scaffolds with controlled semicrystalline and amorphous regions.

Keywords:
Avrami analysiscrystallizationisotactic polystyrenemelt memorymembrane architecturenucleationoptical–thermal kinetics

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Microfluidic Preparation of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators
12:04

Microfluidic Preparation of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators

Published on: May 20, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Polymer crystallization is key for membrane fabrication, forming load-bearing scaffolds and transport pathways.
  • Understanding thermal history's impact on polymer microstructure is crucial for membrane design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify how thermal history programs isotactic polystyrene (iPS) crystallization.
  • To translate resulting microstructures into membrane-relevant design rules.
  • To establish a quantitative process-structure map for iPS scaffold design.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Lux-calibrated digitally extracted pixel intensity (DPI) from polarized optical microscopy as a crystallinity proxy.
  • Benchmarked DPI against differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for validation (R² = 0.98).
  • Compared crystallization from molten and glassy states under varied melt pretreatments and temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Molten-state crystallization showed significant melt-memory effects, altering morphology with pretreatment.
  • Glassy-state crystallization largely suppressed melt history, yielding stable kinetic parameters.
  • Avrami analyses indicated 3D growth, with molten-state kinetics highly sensitive to melt history.
  • Crystallization rate and half-life exhibited bell-shaped temperature dependence.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a quantitative process-structure map linking thermal history to iPS scaffold nucleation density and texture.
  • This map provides design rules for controlling polymer membrane transport and mechanical properties.
  • The findings enable precise engineering of semicrystalline scaffolds for advanced membrane applications.