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Ethnic and Gender Disparities in Risk Factors for Prediabetes-A Retrospective Exploratory Analysis in Southern Israel
Michael Murninkas1,2, Daniel Ostrovsky1, Aya Biderman3,4
1Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 15, 2026
Summary
Prediabetes risk factors vary by gender and ethnicity in Israel. Metabolic syndrome is a key predictor, alongside factors like gestational diabetes in women, highlighting the need for tailored prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
- Population Health
Background:
- Prediabetes is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes and its complications.
- Data on prediabetes prevalence and predictors among minority groups in Israel, especially Bedouins, are limited.
- The Negev region's diverse Jewish and Bedouin populations present unique cultural and socioeconomic contexts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify gender- and ethnicity-specific predictors of prediabetes in Southern Israel.
- To analyze risk factors for prediabetes across different demographic groups.
- To inform culturally tailored diabetes prevention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, population-based observational study of 28,754 adults (20-65 years) insured by Clalit Health Services (2010-2020).
- 1:1 matching of prediabetes cases with controls by age, gender, ethnicity, and diagnosis year.
- Multivariate logistic regression models stratified by gender and ethnicity to identify independent predictors.
Main Results:
- Prediabetes diagnosed at younger ages in Bedouins compared to Jews (men: 6.8 years, women: 11.3 years).
- Metabolic syndrome was the strongest predictor (OR 2.0-4.0) across all subgroups.
- Gestational diabetes (major risk in Jewish women, OR 3.6), cardiovascular disease, statin/thiazide diuretic use, and elevated triglyceride-to-HDL ratio were significant predictors.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic and medication-related factors significantly contribute to prediabetes risk, with distinct gender and ethnic patterns observed.
- Individualized risk profiling and culturally sensitive early interventions are crucial for effective diabetes prevention in diverse populations.
- Findings underscore the need for targeted public health initiatives in Southern Israel to address ethnic and gender disparities in prediabetes.
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