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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice
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Published on: April 27, 2014

Not All Microbiomes Reflect Chronic Pain: Evidence from the Urinary Tract in a Case-Control Study.

Lisa Goudman1,2,3,4,5, Maarten Moens1,2,3,4,5,6

  • 1STIMULUS Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study found no significant differences in the urinary microbiome of individuals with chronic low back pain compared to pain-free individuals. The urinary microbiome appears stable in chronic pain conditions unrelated to the urinary tract.

Keywords:
16S rRNA gene sequencingchronic painmicrobial diversitypain mechanismsurinary microbiome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Chronic pain mechanisms
  • Urology

Background:

  • Chronic pain involves systemic changes like central sensitization and neuroimmune alterations.
  • Gut microbiome dysbiosis is linked to systemic changes in chronic pain.
  • The role of the urinary microbiome in non-urological chronic pain is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in urinary microbial diversity, composition, and abundance in chronic low back pain patients versus controls.
  • To assess the urinary microbiome's relevance in non-urological chronic pain.

Main Methods:

  • Age- and sex-matched case-control study.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing of midstream urine samples.
  • Analysis of alpha diversity, beta diversity, and differential abundance using advanced bioinformatics tools.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in alpha diversity or overall community composition (beta diversity) were found between chronic low back pain patients and controls.
  • No specific bacterial taxa showed significant abundance differences between the groups after multiple testing correction.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic low back pain, in this cohort, was not associated with detectable changes in the urinary microbiome.
  • Unlike the gut microbiome, the urinary microbiome may remain stable in non-urological chronic pain conditions.
  • Phenotype specificity is crucial for microbiome-based pain research.