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Post-Tuberculosis Sequelae and Active Tuberculosis in Lung Cancer: Imaging Patterns and Clinical Associations-A
Cristina Cioti1,2, Cristina Tocia2, Nejla Dervis2
1Internal Medicine Department, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 15, 2026
Summary
Tuberculosis and lung cancer share similar imaging findings, making diagnosis challenging. Recognizing these overlapping patterns is crucial for accurate interpretation and patient care.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Oncology
- Radiology
Background:
- Pulmonary changes from tuberculosis (TB) can mimic lung cancer on imaging.
- This overlap complicates diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning for lung cancer patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the relationship between TB status and thoracic imaging patterns in lung cancer patients.
- To identify how TB influences the clinical and radiological presentation of lung cancer.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 620 lung cancer patients.
- Classification into no TB, post-TB sequelae, and active TB groups.
- Analysis of demographic, clinical, histopathological, and radiological data; statistical evaluation using chi-square and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- 54.4% had post-TB sequelae, 8.2% active TB, 37.4% no TB.
- Significant associations found between TB status and fibrotic, inflammatory, cavitary, atelectatic, opacity, pleural, and adenopathy changes.
- Active TB linked to inflammatory/cavitary lesions; post-TB sequelae linked to chronic fibrotic changes.
Conclusions:
- TB-related abnormalities frequently coexist with lung cancer, potentially obscuring malignant findings.
- Accurate radiological interpretation requires recognizing these overlapping patterns.
- Individualized clinical management depends on differentiating TB from lung cancer features.
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