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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

Sodium Supplementation Algorithm to Promote Growth in Infants Who Are Preterm: Randomized Clinical Trial.

Brianna M Liberio1, Gregory M Sokol1, Hannah Rakow1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Pediatrics Open Science
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study found that using a urine sodium algorithm to guide sodium supplementation did not significantly improve growth in preterm infants. While the algorithm led to increased sodium intake, it did not enhance weight gain by 36 weeks postmenstrual age.

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

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04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Preterm infants often require careful management of fluid and electrolyte balance.
  • Dietary sodium (Na) supplementation is crucial for growth in preterm infants, but optimal dosing strategies are debated.
  • Standard care for sodium supplementation may not always meet individual infant needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel algorithm using urine sodium concentration to guide dietary sodium supplementation in preterm infants.
  • To compare this algorithm-guided approach against standard care in promoting somatic growth.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized trial involving preterm infants (250/7 to 296/7 weeks gestation) was conducted.
  • Infants were assigned to either standard care or an algorithm-based sodium supplementation protocol starting at 14-17 days postnatal age.
  • Primary outcomes included changes in weight, length, and head circumference Z-scores from 2 weeks to 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA).

Main Results:

  • Infants receiving algorithm-guided supplementation received significantly more sodium (5.75 mEq/kg/d) compared to standard care (3.62 mEq/kg/d).
  • No statistically significant difference in weight Z-score change was observed between the groups at 36 weeks PMA (P = .16).
  • However, infants in the algorithm group showed a more rapid weight increase in the initial 7 weeks of the study.

Conclusions:

  • Sodium supplementation guided by urine sodium concentration did not significantly improve overall weight gain in preterm infants at 36 weeks PMA.
  • The findings suggest that while the algorithm increased sodium intake, it did not translate to superior long-term growth outcomes compared to standard care.
  • Further research may be needed to refine sodium supplementation strategies for preterm infants.