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Reshaping Smart Pharmacy in TCM Hospitals via High-Reliability Organization Theory.
Tiantian Cai1, Wendong Yao1, Xingxing Yan1
1Department of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
|July 15, 2026
Summary
A new smart pharmaceutical service system, based on High Reliability Organization theory, enhances efficiency and safety in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hospitals. This digital system improves drug management and reporting, leading to better patient care.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- Pharmaceutical Services Management
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Informatics
Background:
- Digital intelligence technologies offer solutions for drug data mining and efficacy prediction but lack systematic frameworks for comprehensive pharmaceutical service management.
- Pharmacy services in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hospitals are underdeveloped due to TCM's unique characteristics.
- Existing technological innovations have not yet established a comprehensive management and application framework for pharmaceutical services.
Purpose of the Study:
- To construct an intelligent pharmaceutical service system with TCM characteristics based on High Reliability Organization (HRO) theory.
- To guarantee operational safety and reliability in pharmaceutical services.
- To implement digital and intelligent management for pharmaceutical services in TCM hospitals.
Main Methods:
- Developed a smart pharmaceutical service system with a "one center, two supports, six platforms" architecture, guided by HRO theory.
- Targeted operational characteristics and service demands of clinical pharmacy in public hospitals.
- Compared pre- and post-implementation evaluation indicators including drug return rate, approval time, clinician satisfaction, and ADR reporting.
Main Results:
- The system integrates six platforms, covering the full spectrum of pharmaceutical service processes (pre-event, in-event, post-event) for closed-loop quality management.
- Reduced drug return rates, shortened approval times, and improved clinician satisfaction.
- Increased rational drug use (PPIs), enhanced medical record compliance, and boosted Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reporting volume and proactivity.
Conclusions:
- The smart-intelligent system achieves full-process, standardized management of pharmaceutical services through coordinated platforms.
- Enhances the quality and efficiency of pharmaceutical services in TCM hospitals.
- Provides theoretical and practical pathways for transforming pharmaceutical service models.
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