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Related Concept Videos

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I, duplicated...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter
06:59

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter

Published on: March 31, 2022

Mapping Meiotic Recombination DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs) Hotspots -Methodological Advances and Challenges.

Jianqiang Bao1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Diseases Research and Translation NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Ministry of Education Hainan Medical University School of Life Sciences and Medical Technology Haikou China.

Advanced Genetics (Hoboken, N.J.)
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers need better methods to map DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during meiosis. Current techniques for detecting these crucial recombination sites are often limited by sample requirements or the stage of the process they can analyze.

Keywords:
DSBgermlinemeiosistestis

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Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
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Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter
06:59

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter

Published on: March 31, 2022

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at specific genomic locations.
  • Accurate mapping of these DSB hotspots is essential for understanding genome stability, evolution, and meiotic regulation.
  • Existing genome-wide methods for DSB mapping have limitations, including high material requirements or restricted detection stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare current genome-wide methods for mapping meiotic DSB hotspots.
  • To highlight the strengths and weaknesses of direct versus indirect DSB detection techniques.
  • To identify the need for a more robust and accessible method for routine DSB hotspot analysis across species.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on genome-wide DSB mapping techniques.
  • Categorization of methods based on biochemical principles: Spo11-oligonucleotide capture, ssDNA sequencing, in situ end labeling, and ChIP.
  • Analysis of limitations including starting material quantity and stage-specificity (e.g., early resection).

Main Results:

  • Direct methods (Spo11-oligo, CC-seq, END-seq) offer nucleotide resolution but require substantial starting material.
  • ChIP-based ssDNA methods (ChIP-SSDS) capture recombinase-bound intermediates indirectly and are limited to early meiotic stages.
  • Current complementary methods provide a toolbox but lack a universally robust and facile approach for routine DSB hotspot detection.

Conclusions:

  • A diverse set of methods exists for studying meiotic DSB hotspots, each with specific advantages and disadvantages.
  • There is a clear need for the development of improved techniques that are both robust and easily applicable across various species.
  • Future research should focus on creating a more universally accessible method for precise meiotic DSB hotspot mapping.