Post-mastectomy radiation therapy in Poland syndrome with left breast cancer: A case report

Poland syndrome is a rare congenital malformation characterized by unilateral chest wall hypoplasia, ipsilateral hand abnormalities, and associations with several malignancies. The present study reports a case of a woman in her 60s with Poland syndrome who presented with infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the left breast and unilateral chest wall hypoplasia. The patient underwent mastectomy with reconstruction using a transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap, followed by post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT). PMRT after TRAM flap reconstruction was feasible, with acceptable lung and heart doses, no radiation pneumonitis and no local recurrence at 5.5 years of follow-up. This case makes a significant contribution to the literature by demonstrating successful PMRT following TRAM flap reconstruction in a patient with Poland syndrome and concurrent breast malignancy.