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Dendritic-cell diversity in equine blood revealed by single-cell transcriptomics.

Ambre Baillou1,2, Marius Botos1,2, Simone Oberhaensli3

  • 1Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland.

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|July 15, 2026
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Summary

This study classifies equine dendritic cells (DCs) using single-cell RNA sequencing, identifying key subsets like cDC1, cDC2, and pDC. This provides a foundation for understanding equine immune responses and diseases.

Keywords:
DC3cDC1cDC2 subsetsequine blood dendritic cellspDCsingle-cell RNA-seqtDC

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Veterinary Science

Background:

  • Detailed classification of equine dendritic cells (DCs) is crucial for understanding their role in equine immune-mediated diseases.
  • Existing knowledge on equine DC subsets requires further refinement for comprehensive research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a detailed classification of equine dendritic cell (DC) subsets in blood.
  • To establish a foundational resource for comparative immunology and the study of equine pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was applied to enriched DC populations from equine blood.
  • Key gene expression markers were used to identify and classify distinct DC subsets.

Main Results:

  • Identification of major DC subsets including conventional DC type 1 (cDC1), conventional DC type 2 (cDC2), and plasmacytoid DC (pDC).
  • Detection of hematopoietic progenitors, transitional DC (tDC), and putative DC type 3 (DC3).
  • Confirmation of known equine DC phenotypes and discovery of two cDC2 subclusters (cDC2.1, cDC2.2) with distinct characteristics and potential functions.

Conclusions:

  • An atlas of equine blood DCs was generated, serving as a valuable resource for comparative immunology.
  • This classification provides a basis for investigating the involvement of specific DC subsets in equine infections and immune-mediated diseases.