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Related Concept Videos

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
Intermolecular Forces in Solutions02:28

Intermolecular Forces in Solutions

The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Such a solution is called an ideal solution. A mixture of ideal gases (or gases such as helium and argon,...
Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients01:14

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients

The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
For extracting a solute from an aqueous phase into an organic...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this process,...
Energetics of Solution Formation02:35

Energetics of Solution Formation

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IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to the...

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Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
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Intermolecular dynamics of deep eutectic solvents probed via dynamic optical Kerr effect spectroscopy.

Hideaki Shirota1, Maharoof Koyakkat1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) exhibit unique intermolecular dynamics, crucial for their diverse applications. Spectroscopic studies reveal characteristic vibrational modes and relaxation processes, influenced by composition and environmental factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Physics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are mixtures with depressed melting points, offering versatile applications.
  • Their complex intermolecular interactions drive unique physical properties.
  • DESs are increasingly important in materials chemistry and engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intermolecular dynamics of DESs.
  • To highlight the utility of dynamic optical Kerr effect spectroscopy (OKES) for studying DESs.
  • To summarize current research on DES dynamics and suggest future directions.

Main Methods:

  • Dynamic Optical Kerr Effect Spectroscopy (OKES) for low-frequency dynamics.
  • Other spectroscopic techniques to complement OKES findings.
  • Analysis of vibrational modes and relaxation processes.

Main Results:

  • Identified characteristic vibrational modes and relaxation processes in DESs.
  • Demonstrated the dependence of these dynamics on DES constituents.
  • Observed the influence of water content and temperature on DES dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • DES dynamics are complex and sensitive to composition and environment.
  • OKES is a powerful tool for probing DES intermolecular interactions without probe molecules.
  • Further research on DES dynamics will advance their development and applications.