Microsensors for a Quick Detection of Tissue Functional Age and Precision Medicine

This proof-of-concept-study presents a novel microsensor based on specifically grafted functionalized glass for detection of low concentrated biomarkers in human fluids, gels, and for liquid biopsy. The device integrates functionalized nanofibers with grafted glass, creating an easy-to-use, rapid, and cost-effective biosensor. The approach combines fractionated nanofiber membranes with functionalized surfaces and light-scattering analysis on grafted glass which serves as a signal enhancer for data evaluation by light scattering. This method offers a novel tool for a quick evaluation of low concentrated protein samples. Experimental validation in this study confirmed its ability to identify low-abundance markers, supporting applications in precision medicine, tissue functional age assessment, and bacterial monitoring. Compared with conventional laboratory assays, optical sensors built on functionalized glass enable rapid, sensitive, and multiplexed biomarker detection directly at the point of care. We observed distinct changes in light transmittance caused by specific interactions between microsized particles and antibodies immobilized on the glass surface. This principle can also be applied to the direct detection of micrometer-scale systems such as bacteria, enabling fast urine analysis. Key words Biosensors " Nanofibers " Biomarkers " Precision medicine " Tissue aging.