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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
Published on: November 9, 2019
Recent Progress in Coupling Reactions Involving the Novel Substrate of Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane (BCB)
Xiaoqing Li1, Yu Xiang1, Niannian Li1
1School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, People's Republic of China.
Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) are strained molecules offering unique 3D structures. Recent advances since 2019 highlight efficient functionalization via novel reactions and mechanistic insights.
Area of Science:
- Organic Chemistry
- Synthetic Chemistry
- Molecular Engineering
Background:
- Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) are highly strained, rigid molecules.
- BCBs serve as valuable synthons for creating complex three-dimensional (3D) molecular architectures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in bicyclo[1.1.0]butane chemistry since 2019.
- To analyze the mechanisms and selectivity of key BCB reactions.
- To showcase efficient BCB functionalization strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent literature on BCB reactions (cyclobutylation, cyclization, ring-opening, cross-coupling).
- Analysis of reaction mechanisms including single-electron transfer, hydrogen atom transfer, and force-promoted cleavage.
- Examination of selectivity control strategies (ligand-directed, chiral catalysis, dipole repulsion minimization).
Main Results:
- Significant progress in BCB functionalization since 2019.
- Demonstration of diverse reaction pathways for BCB utilization.
- Understanding of various activation and selectivity control mechanisms.
- Achieved high efficiency and broad substrate scope in BCB reactions.
Conclusions:
- Recent research has greatly expanded the synthetic utility of BCBs.
- Mechanistic understanding is key to controlling reactivity and selectivity.
- BCB chemistry continues to offer promising avenues for 3D framework construction.
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