A new ratiometric fluorescence probe based on cinnamic acid for hydrazine detection and its applications in...

As a key chemical raw material, hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄) is widely used in chemical manufacturing, aerospace propulsion and pharmaceuticals synthesis. However, excessive N₂H₄ causes serious harms to the environment and organisms. Herein, a ratiometric fluorescence probe CDP has been designed and synthesized from p-hydroxycinnamic acid. Upon interaction with N₂H₄, the major fluorescence emission peak at 570 nm is blue-shifted to 455 nm, accompanied by a fluorescence color change from pale orange to blue. The detection limit of CDP for N₂H₄ is determined as 17.08 nM. Experimental data further indicate that probe CDP can effectively detect N₂H₄ across a broad pH range (5-12). More notably, probe CDP demonstrates significant potential for imaging N₂H₄ in living cells and mice models. Moreover, probe CDP can be employed for the detection of N₂H₄ in soil samples and water samples. This work describes a versatile fluorescence probe for detecting N₂H₄, underscoring its considerable potential in environmental analysis and public health monitoring.